Meaning Of Farm Mechanisation

Farm Mechanisation:-

Farm Mechanisation refers to the application of latest tools and technologies for the series of operation involved in the production of crops. The main aim of Farm Mechanisation is to carry out all the operations in a better way to improve productivity as well as to enhance production. Generally two types of Mechanisation is seen.

• Partial Mechanisation
• Complete Mechanisation

Partial Mechanisation:- 

It means application of farm machineries in only some of the farm practices like tillage and threshing. Generally this type of mechanisation is seen on developing countries.

Complete Mechanisation:-

It means application of latest tools and technologies (farm machineries) in all the farm operations from tillage to harvest to post harvest practices. Complete Mechanisation is most important for successful farming. This type of mechanisation is mostly seen in developed countries.

Why Farm Mechanisation Is Necessary?

Farm Mechanisation is necessary for various reasons which are described below:-

• Population is increasing rapidly. So, inorder to feed such a growing population we need to adopt intensive farming and intensive farming requires machineries in the farm for food production.
• When farmer go for multiple cropping system with high yielding varities, it needs all types of farm machineries to complete all the operations in time to obtain higher yield efficiently and economically. This is possible only through Farm Mechanisation.
• Farm Mechanisation is the best solution of human workforce scarcity. It removes the drudgery of labour to a great extent. A farmer has to walk around 66 km while ploughing 1 hectare land with bullocks plough.
• Various inputs are used to produce food. Inorder to make efficient and proper use of these inputs; one has to apply farm machineries to do all work.
• Farming is time consuming job. We have seen most of women and children work in the field. So with Farm Mechanisation women can be engaged in another work and children can go for study.

Some Of Farm Machineries With Their Work Are Listed Below:-

Rice Transplanter:- Rice Transplanter brought great revolution in agriculture. It is used to transplant paddy seedlings that are grown in a tray or well organised nursery. Generally seedlings of 12-14 days are transplanted using it. It can either be riding type or walking type. In riding type, it comes in two different form either 6 rows or 8 rows.  

Riding Type Rice Transplanter

Tractor:- Tractor is the main source of farm power. Tractor with the different attachment can do different work efficiently in less period of time. 

Tractor

Combine Harvester:- Combine harvester is used to harvest and thresh the crops simultaneously.

Combine Harvester

3-Row paddy weeder:- This machine is used for removing the unwanted plants present on paddy fields.

3-Rows Paddy Weeder

Baler:- Baler is the agriculture machine that is used to bale the paddy straw. It collect the threshed hey that are left in the field by combine harvester and bind it to make compressed bale.

Baler

Boom Sprayer:- It is generally used for the application of insecticide, pesticides and herbicide in the agriculture field.

Boom Sprayer

Maize planter:- It is the tractor mounted implement that is used to plant maize. Different types of maize planter is available in the market.

Maize planter

Potato planter:- It is also tractor mounted implement used for planting potatoes.

Potato planter

Potato digger:- It is tractor operated machine that is used to harvest potatoes.

Potato digger

Garlic planter:- It is also a tractor operated machine that is used to plant garlic cloves in a fixed spacing and depth.

Tillage implements:- There are different tillage implements that are used

to prepare land for sowing. It is of two types.

• Primary tillage implements and
• Secondary tillage implements.